There are several programmes internationally that offer work in in exchange for board.  Usually the work is usually for four hours a day, plus helping around the house as a normal family member.  Its a great way of getting involved in local communities, cultural exchange and also travelling cheaply. 
The most common programmes are WWOOF and Help Exchange.

WWoof stands for Willing Workers on Organic Farms. 

It is network that is focused on working on organic farms and gardens. Usually four hours a day. Its a way of learning about organics, meeting local people, and seeing some wonderful out of the way places. Most countries have their own locally run websites - but this site is the international one: http://www.wwoof.org/

Help Exchange has networks in Australia New Zealand Europe Canada USA International

It is an online listing of host organic farms, non-organic farms, farmstays, homestays, ranches, lodges, B&B, inns, backpackers hostels and even sailing boats who invite volunteer helpers to stay with them short-term in exchange for food and accommodation (board and lodging).  http://www.helpx.net/

Work Away - a site for gap year and volunteer in exchange for food and accommodation

Other Work exchange and Volunteer Links

To find operators on Women Travel the World who offer this kind of work exchange,  push the search button.